Chapter 2: New Kings and Kingdoms of Class 7 Social Science History Overview

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 Chapter 2: New Kings and Kingdoms of Class 7 Social Science History Overview

The chapter explores the emergence of new kingdoms in India after the decline of the Gupta Empire, focusing on major dynasties, their administration, and cultural achievements.


Major Dynasties

- Palas:

    - Ruled over Bengal and Bihar

    - Notable rulers: Gopala, Dharmapala, and Devapala

    - Known for: Buddhist patronage, establishment of Vikramshila University

- Pratiharas:

    - Ruled over parts of northern India

    - Notable rulers: Nagabhata II and Mihira Bhoja

    - Known for: Military strength, resistance against Arab invasions

- Rashtrakutas:

    - Ruled over the Deccan region

    - Notable rulers: Dantidurga and Krishna I

    - Known for: Kailasa Temple at Ellora, military conquests

- Cholas:

    - Emerged in the 9th century in South India

    - Notable rulers: Rajaraja Chola I and Rajendra Chola I

    - Known for: Maritime trade, naval power, temple architecture


Administration and Economy

- These kingdoms had a well-organized administrative system

- Land revenue was a major source of income

- Trade and commerce flourished, with the Cholas notable for their maritime trade


Cultural Achievements

- Architecture: Development of temple architecture, notable examples include the Kailasa Temple and Chola temples

- Art and Literature: Significant patronage of art and literature, with works in various languages, including Sanskrit and Tamil


NCERT Exercise Questions and Answers

Let's Recall

1. Match the following:

    - Gurjara-Pratiharas: Gujarat and Rajasthan

    - Rashtrakutas: Western Deccan

    - Palas: Bengal

    - Cholas: Tamil Nadu

2. Who were the parties involved in the “tripartite struggle”?*

    - The parties involved were the Gurjara-Pratiharas, Rashtrakutas, and Palas

3. What were the qualifications necessary to become a member of a committee of the sabha in the Chola Empire?

    - Members should be owners of land from which land revenue is collected

    - They should have their own homes

    - They should be between 35 and 70 years of age

    - They should have knowledge of the Vedas


Additional Questions and Answers

- Q: What was the significance of the Palas dynasty?*

A: The Palas were significant for their patronage of Buddhism and the establishment of Vikramshila University.

- Q: Who built the Kailasa Temple at Ellora?*

A: Krishna I, a notable ruler of the Rashtrakutas, built the Kailasa Temple at Ellora.

- Q: What were the major achievements of the Chola dynasty?*

A: The Cholas were known for their maritime trade, naval power, and temple architecture. They also had a well-organized administrative system.

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