Class 8 History Chapter 2: From Trade to Territory - The Company Establishes Power

-



Class 8 History Chapter 2: From Trade to Territory - The Company Establishes Power


Notes

The East India Company came to India for trade purposes but eventually established its power through various means.

The company's expansion led to conflicts with local rulers, including the Bengal Nawabs.

The Battle of Plassey marked the beginning of British conquest in India.


Important Terms

Diwani: The right to collect revenue, granted to the East India Company by the Mughal Emperor.

Subsidiary Alliance: A system where Indian rulers were not allowed to have independent armed forces and were protected by the Company.

Doctrine of Lapse: A policy introduced by Lord Dalhousie, where if an Indian ruler died without a male heir, their kingdom would be annexed by the Company.


Questions and Answers

What attracted European trading companies to India?

European trading companies were drawn to India's wealth, rich commodities, and high demand for goods like spices, silk, and precious stones.


What were the areas of conflict between the Bengal Nawabs and the East India Company?

Conflicts arose due to trade concessions, rights, and privileges, as well as the company's refusal to pay taxes and its expansion of military fortifications.


How did the assumption of Diwani benefit the East India Company?

The Diwani rights allowed the company to use Bengal's revenue resources, control trade, and expand its influence.


Explain the system of "subsidiary alliance".

The subsidiary alliance system required Indian rulers to maintain British-led troops, pay for their maintenance, and not allow other European companies to trade with them.


In what way was the administration of the Company different from that of Indian rulers?

The Company's administration was more systematic and bureaucratic, with a centralized governance structure, whereas Indian rulers had a more traditional and decentralized system.


NCERT Solutions

Let's Recall

Match the following:

Diwani: Right to collect land revenue

Tipu Sultan: "Tiger of Mysore"

Faujdari adalat: Criminal court

Sepoy: Sipahi

Rani Channamma: Led an anti-British movement in Kitoor


Fill in the blanks:

The British conquest of Bengal began with the Battle of Plassey.

Haidar Ali and Tipu Sultan were the rulers of Mysore.

Dalhousie implemented the Doctrine of Lapse.

Maratha kingdoms were located mainly in the South-Western part of India.


State whether true or false:

The Mughal empire became stronger in the eighteenth century: False

The English East India Company was the only European company that traded with India: False

Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the ruler of Punjab: True

The British did not introduce administrative changes in the territories they conquered: False 

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Literacy Rate in India 2025: State-Wise Insights

-
Image
  Literacy Rate in India 2025: State-Wise Insights As citizens of India, understanding the literacy rate of our country is crucial. India, the world's largest democracy, has made significant progress in improving literacy levels over the years. However, challenges remain, with disparities across states and between genders. In this article, we provide an updated and detailed analysis of the literacy rate in India in 2025, including state-wise data, key trends, and insights into how we can further improve literacy levels nationwide. India's Literacy Rate in 2025: As of 2025, India's overall literacy rate stands at 77.7%, reflecting steady progress from earlier years. While this is an improvement from the 2011 Census figure of 74.04%, it still means that nearly one in four Indians remains unable to read or write. The male literacy rate is 84.7%, while the female literacy rate is 70.3%, highlighting a persistent gender gap. Key Highlights of India's Literacy Rate  - Categor...
Read more

MY STRUGGLE FOR THE EXISTENCE

-
Image
As I ruminate on my life's journey, I am reminded of the capricious nature of fate, which can effortlessly metamorphose one's existence in the blink of an eye. At the tender age of six, I became an orphan, bereft of the loving care and nurturing presence of my parents. This cataclysmic event would indelibly leave an imprint on my psyche, shaping my worldview and informing my future endeavors. Despite the formidable challenges that lay ahead, I was fortunate to have my indefatigable single Muslim mother, Shazia Rehman, who assumed the onerous responsibility of raising me. Her unwavering dedication, unrelenting perseverance, and unconditional love served as a bulwark against the vicissitudes of life, enabling me to navigate the complexities of growing up. As I traversed the labyrinthine corridors of my educational journey, I began to develop a profound affinity for Hinduism and, more importantly, humanism. The eclectic mix of philosophical and theological perspectives that I enco...
Read more

Public Facilities

-
Image
 Public Facilities Public facilities are essential services and amenities provided by the government or other public entities to the general public. These facilities aim to improve the quality of life for citizens and promote the overall well-being of the community. Types of Public Facilities:-  - Education: Schools, colleges, universities, libraries  - Healthcare: Hospitals, clinics, dispensaries, community health centers  - Transportation: Roads, railways, public buses, airports  - Water and Sanitation: Clean drinking water, sewage treatment plants, public toilets  - Electricity: Power supply and distribution  - Communication: Post offices, telephone exchanges, internet connectivity  - Recreation: Parks, playgrounds, community centers, sports facilities  - Safety and Security: Police stations, fire stations, disaster relief services Importance of Public Facilities:-  - Essential for human development: Access to education, healthcare, a...
Read more