Understanding Media from Class 7th Civics

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Understanding Media from Class 7th Civics





## 1. What is Mass Media? 📺📰


* **Media** refers to all means of communication.

* **Mass Media** includes forms of media like **TV**, **radio**, and **newspapers** that reach millions of people, or the masses, across the country and the world.

* The word 'Media' comes from the word 'Medium' (meaning a way of communication).


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## 2. Media and Technology 📡


* Mass media needs certain **technologies** to reach millions of people. The technology used keeps changing.

* **Print Media** includes newspapers and magazines.

* **Electronic Media** includes TV and radio.

* Advanced technology, like **satellites** and **cables**, allows television images to travel huge distances. This is why we can watch news and entertainment from around the world.


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## 3. Media and Money 💸


* The technologies used by mass media are **expensive** (cost of equipment, cameras, lights, etc.).

* Mass media needs a lot of **money** to run its work, which includes paying the newsreader, camera persons, technicians, and others.

* The main way mass media earns money is through **advertising** (for cars, chocolates, mobile phones, etc.). This money helps cover the high costs of technology and staff.


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## 4. Media and Democracy 🗳️


* In a **democracy**, the media plays a vital role by:

    1. **Providing News** and discussing events in the country and the world.

    2. **Highlighting Problems** in government programs and policies.

    3. **Encouraging Public Action**: When the media reports on an issue, citizens can respond by writing letters to the minister, organizing a public protest, starting a signature campaign, etc.


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## 5. Independent Media


* An **independent media** means that no one should control or influence its coverage of the news. This is crucial in a democracy.

* However, in reality, the media is often not fully independent because of two main reasons:

    1. **Censorship by Government (Control)**: Sometimes, the government can stop the media from publishing certain news stories. This is called **censorship**.

    2. **Business House Control**: Media houses are often owned by or connected to large business groups. They might publish only the news that benefits their business interests.


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## 6. Setting Agendas 📢


* The media decides what stories to **focus on** and what is considered **newsworthy**. This is called **setting the agenda**.

* By focusing on a particular issue (like a clean city campaign), the media influences our thoughts, feelings, and actions, making us pay attention to that issue.

* Sometimes, the media **fails to focus** on important issues that deeply affect people's lives (like water scarcity or poor sanitation), and thus, these issues do not get the public attention they need.

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