SOCIAL SCIENCE PRE BOARD MARKING SCHEME

 

SECTION-A: HISTORY

1. Answer: (d)

The "tyrants" were the absolute monarchs and the Church whose power was being challenged by the "virtual writer" (the spread of ideas through the printing press).

2. Answer: (c)

Giuseppe Mazzini founded Young Italy in Marseilles and Young Europe in Berne.

3. Answer: (c)

The Gaelic language was not promoted; in fact, it was suppressed as English culture was imposed during the unification of Britain.

4. Answer: (b)

Push factors like widespread poverty, hunger, and religious persecution in Europe drove migration to America.

5. (A) Answer:

The "Courier of Rhineland" represents Napoleon. After his defeat at the Battle of Leipzig in 1813, he is shown as a postman losing all the territories he had previously conquered (each letter falling out of his bag represents a lost territory).

OR

(B) Answer:

Artists personified the nation to make abstract ideas like "liberty" or "the nation" more relatable. Marianne was the female allegory of France. Two examples of her representation:

 * She wore the red cap, the tricolour, and the cockade.

 * Her statues were erected in public squares to remind the public of the national symbol of unity.

6. (A) Answer:

After 1848, German middle-class tried to unite Germany into a nation-state, but were suppressed. Conservative forces then took over.

 * Otto von Bismarck (Prussian Chief Minister) led the process with the help of the Prussian army and bureaucracy.

 * Three wars over seven years with Austria, Denmark, and France ended in Prussian victory, completing unification in 1871.

   OR

   (B) Answer:

   The July Revolution of 1830 in France acted as a spark for the rest of Europe. Its main consequence was that it sparked an uprising in Brussels, which eventually led to Belgium breaking away from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands.

7. Answer:

The Italian unification was led by three key figures:

 * Giuseppe Mazzini: The "Soul" who formed 'Young Italy' to spread the idea of a unified republic.

 * Count Cavour: The "Brain" (Chief Minister) who used diplomatic alliances with France to defeat Austria.

 * Giuseppe Garibaldi: The "Sword" who led the 'Red Shirts' in the South, gaining support from local peasants to drive out Spanish rulers.

   Finally, Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed King of United Italy in 1861.

SECTION-B: GEOGRAPHY

10. Answer: (c)

Resources require appropriate technological development and institutional changes to be transformed into development.

11. Answer: (a)

The missing classification is Biotic Resources (which includes Flora and Fauna), and the Abiotic example could be Sunlight or Rocks/Metals.

12. Answer: (b)

The indirect but most significant consequence of land degradation is a threat to the livelihood of farmers and food security.

13. Answer: (d)

In states like Punjab and Haryana, the Net Sown Area (NSA) is over 80% due to favorable topography and irrigation.

14. Answer: (b)

E.F. Schumacher presented Gandhian philosophy in his book "Small is Beautiful."

15. Answer: (b)

Agenda 21 aims at achieving global sustainable development by fighting environmental damage, poverty, and disease through shared responsibilities.

16. Answer:

 * Punjab/Haryana: High NSA (>80%) due to flat plains, fertile alluvial soil, and excellent irrigation facilities.

 * Arunachal Pradesh: Low NSA (<10%) due to mountainous terrain, dense forest cover, and harsh climatic conditions.

SECTION-C: POLITICAL SCIENCE

20. Answer: (b)

Statements I, III, and IV are correct. Power sharing reduces conflict, strengthens democratic values, and promotes unity. (Statement II is wrong as it prevents concentration of power).

21. Answer: (c)

Statements I, II, and III are all correct features of Indian federalism.

22. Answer: (c)

Re-polling due to unfair means ensures Free and Fair Elections.

23. Answer: (a)

Both A and R are true, and R explains why a democratic government is accountable (scutiny by people).

24. Answer:

 * Legislature: Makes laws.

 * Executive: Implements laws.

 * Judiciary: Interprets laws (System of Checks and Balances).

SECTION-D: ECONOMICS

29. Answer: (b)

A farmer using all family members on a small plot where fewer are needed is disguised unemployment (everyone appears to work, but productivity is shared).

30. Answer: (c)

Literacy rate is limited because it ignores health, income, and quality of life, which are essential for true development (Human Development Index).

31. Answer: (b)

A factory using transport and banking shows how the tertiary sector provides essential services to industry.

32. Answer: (c)

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) controls the supply of money.

33. Answer: (b)

Money is better because it acts as a common medium of exchange, eliminating the "double coincidence of wants" required in barter.

MAP SKILL BASED QUESTIONS

9. Map A & B:

 * A: Amritsar (Punjab) - Jallianwala Bagh incident.

 * B: Nagpur (Maharashtra) - Dec 1920 Session.

19. Map Geography:

 * A (i): Gandhi Sagar Dam (Chambal River, MP).

 * B (iii): Marmagao Port (Goa).